Characterization and production of indigenous rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the Philippines

Jonnie F. Huervana1*, Liwaysay P. Huervana2

1Associate Professor V, West Visayas State University, Iloilo City, Philippines

2Instructor I, Capiz State University, Capiz, Philippines

Abstract

The twelve indigenous rice varieties were studied to describe their physical and quantitative characteristics; growth, and yield performance. These indigenous rice varieties commonly known as; the Awot, Balayan, Kabundulan, Kapawod, Katibus, Kutsiyam, Magsanaya, Malido, Manumbalay, Palawan, Sulig, and Tapul. The data collected includes the color of rice hulls and grains, length of grains, number of tillers/hill, number of grains/panicle, the weight of 1000-grains, plant height at harvest, harvested rice yield, and milling recovery. The result revealed that the colors of the hulls and grains vary from light brown, yellow and yelloworange, and blue & red-violet pigments. The longest length of rice grains was Sulig (9.5 mm). The gathered data were significant in terms of the number of tillers/hills, the number of grains/panicle, the weight of 1000-grains, plant height at harvest, harvested rice yield, and milling recovery. The Tukeys’ Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test revealed that the highest number of tillers/hill was Palawan (21 pcs), the highest number of grains/panicle was Awot (180 pcs), the heaviest 1000-grain weights were Kabundulan & Tapul (32.5 g & 32.25 g), the tallest was Palawan (144 cm), the highest harvested yield was Kutsiyam (3,486.82 kg/hectare) and the highest milling recovery were Malido and Kapawod (62.40% and 62.80%). The result implied that each of the twelve Philippine indigenous rice varieties has its own distinct physical and quantitative characteristics and yield performance although they were grown in the same area at central towns of Panay Island, Philippines.

Keywords

Philippines indigenous rice; characterization; production; staple food; organic rice.

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